Get COM PORT of USB Serial Device using the VID and PID on Windows

In my one project, I need to create an application to upgrade the firmware of the device. Here comport is using for the communication. We cannot fix the COM ID of the USB device in the application because the device could be enumerated with different com id on a different machine as per the availability.

So the solution is that displays the list of all known com ports and users select the correct com port. But it is not a good idea to show all com port, I want that application to identify the com id itself.

Every USB device has a unique hardware id (the combination of VID and PID), so to accomplish the above task my approach is to get COM PORT of USB Serial Device on the basis of VID/PID. The registry of the windows kept the information of the device, so simple logic here to open the windows registry and get the com id.

You can See this Article, Read & Write Windows Registry

How to find the VID and PID numbers

To find the vid (Vendor ID) and PID (Product ID) of a serial USB device first you need to attach the device with your PC. Now you need to follow the below steps to get the vid and PID.

1. Go to Control Panel > Device Manager > Ports.

2. Select the desire com port and double click on it or right-click and select Properties.

3. Go to the Details tab and select Hardware ID to view its PID and VID.

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See the below code to get COM PORT of USB Serial Device (Arduino ) in the Windows machine.

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <initguid.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <Setupapi.h>

//Buffer length
#define BUFF_LEN 20


void GetComPort(TCHAR *pszComePort, TCHAR * vid, TCHAR * pid)
{

    HDEVINFO DeviceInfoSet;
    DWORD DeviceIndex =0;
    SP_DEVINFO_DATA DeviceInfoData;
    PCWSTR DevEnum = L"USB";
    TCHAR ExpectedDeviceId[80] = {0}; //Store hardware id
    BYTE szBuffer[1024] = {0};
    DEVPROPTYPE ulPropertyType;
    DWORD dwSize = 0;
    DWORD Error = 0;


    //create device hardware id
    wcscpy_s(ExpectedDeviceId,L"vid_");
    wcscat_s(ExpectedDeviceId,vid);
    wcscat_s(ExpectedDeviceId,L"&pid_");
    wcscat_s(ExpectedDeviceId,pid);



    //SetupDiGetClassDevs returns a handle to a device information set
    DeviceInfoSet = SetupDiGetClassDevs(
                        NULL,
                        DevEnum,
                        NULL,
                        DIGCF_ALLCLASSES | DIGCF_PRESENT);

    if (DeviceInfoSet == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
        return;


    //Fills a block of memory with zeros
    ZeroMemory(&DeviceInfoData, sizeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA));
    DeviceInfoData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA);



    //Receive information about an enumerated device
    while (SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(
                DeviceInfoSet,
                DeviceIndex,
                &DeviceInfoData))
    {
        DeviceIndex++;


        //Retrieves a specified Plug and Play device property
        if (SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty (DeviceInfoSet, &DeviceInfoData, SPDRP_HARDWAREID,
                                              &ulPropertyType, (BYTE*)szBuffer,
                                              sizeof(szBuffer),   // The size, in bytes
                                              &dwSize))
        {
            HKEY hDeviceRegistryKey;



            //Get the key
            hDeviceRegistryKey = SetupDiOpenDevRegKey(DeviceInfoSet, &DeviceInfoData,DICS_FLAG_GLOBAL, 0,DIREG_DEV, KEY_READ);
            if (hDeviceRegistryKey == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
            {
                Error = GetLastError();

                break; //Not able to open registry
            }
            else
            {
                // Read in the name of the port
                wchar_t pszPortName[BUFF_LEN];
                DWORD dwSize = sizeof(pszPortName);
                DWORD dwType = 0;


                if( (RegQueryValueEx(hDeviceRegistryKey,L"PortName", NULL, &dwType, (LPBYTE) pszPortName, &dwSize) == ERROR_SUCCESS) && (dwType == REG_SZ))
                {
                    // Check if it really is a com port
                    if( _tcsnicmp( pszPortName, _T("COM"), 3) == 0)
                    {

                        int nPortNr = _ttoi( pszPortName + 3 );
                        if( nPortNr != 0 )
                        {
                            _tcscpy_s(pszComePort,BUFF_LEN,pszPortName);

                        }

                    }
                }

                // Close the key now that we are finished with it
                RegCloseKey(hDeviceRegistryKey);
            }
        }

    }

    if (DeviceInfoSet)
    {
        SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(DeviceInfoSet);
    }

}

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    //Store com port information
    TCHAR pszPortName[BUFF_LEN] = {0};

    //function to get com id
    GetComPort(pszPortName,L"2341",L"0042");

    //Print available com port
    wprintf (L"\n\n COM Port ID = %s\n",pszPortName);

    return 0;
}

Get COM PORT of USB Serial Device using the VID and PID on Windows

How to find the VID and PID numbers

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